The long-term survival of the five-party governing coalition is threatened by internal ideological differences and public disaffection. The prime minister, Ehud Olmert, remains unpopular. The coalition is now largely held together by the major parties' shared fear of an early election, although Labour may decide to pull out, perhaps by late 2008. Given the domestic political uncertainty, little progress is expected in the peace process. Economic growth will ease in 2008 as US and EU demand weakens, but it will remain healthy, with demand for high-tech exports expected to stay strong and the domestic economy performing robustly. Inflation will pick up compared with the first half of 2007, but will remain comfortably within the target range of the Bank of Israel (the central bank), with a strong New Israeli shekel helping to contain price pressures. The current account is forecast to stay in surplus. |
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| Key Reports Available for Israel |
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| Land area | | 20,325 sq km. This does not include the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights, areas occupied by Israel in the 1967 and 1973 Middle East wars | | Population | | 7,282,000 (May 2008; Central Bureau of Statistics estimate), of whom 5,499,000 are Jewish | | Main towns | | Population at the end of 2007 (provisional data) | | Jerusalem(a): 746,300 Ashdod: 207,300 | | Tel Aviv-Yafo(b): 390,400 Beer Sheva: 186,600 | | Haifa: 265,900 Petah Tikva: 188,900 | | Rishon Lezion: 224,500 Holon: 169,000 | | (a) Including East Jerusalem. (b) Municipality of the city of Tel-Aviv-Yafo only, does not include population of greater Tel-Aviv conurbation | | Climate | | Mediterranean | | Weather in Jerusalem (altitude 757 metres) | | Hottest month, August, 19-29°C (average daily minimum and maximum); coldest month, January, 6-12°C; driest months, May-September, 0 mm average rainfall; wettest month, January, 133 mm average rainfall | | Languages | | Hebrew and then Arabic are the official languages; however, English and Russian are also widely spoken | | Measures | | Metric system. The metric dunum (1,000 sq metres) is also in use | | Currency | | The New Israeli shekel (NIS) became the official currency on January 1st 1986. 1,000 old shekels=NIS 100. There are 100 agorot in NIS 1. Average exchange rates in 2007: NIS 4.1081:US$1; NIS 8.2192:£1; NIS 6.6243:€1. Exchange rates on June 23rd 2008: NIS 3.3730:US$1; NIS 6.6236:£1 | | Time | | 2 hours ahead of GMT | | Fiscal year | | January 1st-December 31st | | Public holidays | | August 10th 2008 (Tisha b'Av; banks only); September 30th-October 1st (Jewish New Year); October 9th (Yom Kippur); October 14th (Sukkot starts); October 21st (Sukot ends); December 22nd-29th (Hannuka; school holiday); March 10th 2009, Purim; banks only); April 9th-15th (Passover; first day is a bank holiday); April 29th (Independence Day); May 29th-30th (Shavout). |
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